Common names, chemical names, formulas, importance. Knowledgeable chemists needed! :)?

I need several things for my chemistry class... Provide what you can, please!





I need the COMMON NAME for-


-carbonic acid


-zinc


-aluminum


-nitric acid





I need the CHEMICAL NAME for-


-Fool's gold/pyrite


-bleach


-acetylsalicylic acid/aspirin





I need the Importance/Uses of-


-Wood alcohol/Methyl alcohol


-Magnesium hydroxide/milk of magnesium


-carbonic acid





ANY help with any of the needed names is fine, thanks! :)

Common names, chemical names, formulas, importance. Knowledgeable chemists needed! :)?
Common name?


Those are pretty much it. Carbonic acid happens to be carbon dioxide dissolved in water, but I don't think that counts.





The chemical name for fool's gold is iron disulfide, FeS2.


The chemical name for bleach is sodium hypochlorite, NaOCl.


The chemical name for aspirin is acetylsalicylic acid, like you said, formula C9H8O4 or structurally C6H4(OCOCH3)COOH.





Methanol, CH3OH, or wood alcohol or methyl alcohol, is used as an antifreeze, solvent, or fuel.


Milk of magnesia (not magnesium) is a laxative used to treat constipation and can also be used to relieve heartburn and indigestion. I know you've seen the commercials for this stuff.


Carbonic acid is, again, carbon dioxide in water, which is basically soda.
Reply:I'd say that the names you've given are the common names.





bleach - sodium hypochlorite





fool's gold - iron pyrite





aspirin - 2-Acetoxybenzenecarboxylic acid





Milk of magnesium is used for upset tummies.
Reply:Carbonic acid is the only inorganic carbon acid, and has the formula H2CO3. It is also a name sometimes given to solutions of carbon dioxide in water, which contain small amounts of H2CO3. The salts of carbonic acids are called bicarbonates (or hydrogencarbonates) and carbonates.





Zinc (from German zink) is a chemical element in the periodic table that has the symbol Zn and atomic number 30.





Aluminium or aluminum (see the spelling section below) is the chemical element in the periodic table that has the symbol Al and atomic number 13. It is a silvery and ductile member of the poor metal group of chemical elements. Aluminium is found primarily as the ore bauxite and is remarkable for its resistance to corrosion (due to the phenomenon of passivation) and its light weight





The chemical compound nitric acid (HNO3), otherwise known as aqua fortis or spirit of nitre, is a colorless, corrosive liquid, a toxic acid which can cause severe burns. If the solution contains more than 86% nitric acid, it is referred to as fuming nitric acid, and can be separated into two kinds of fuming acids, white fuming nitric acid and red fuming nitric acid





The mineral pyrite, or iron pyrite, is iron disulfide, FeS2.





Household bleach or sodium hypochlorite NaOCl is used in the home for whitening clothes, removing stains, and disinfecting. This is because sodium hypochlorite yields chlorine radicals鈥攐xidizing agents readily reacting with many substances.


Hair bleach contains H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide), which gives off oxygen radicals as it decomposes. Oxygen and chlorine radicals both have comparable bleaching effects.





Chemical name 2-(acetyloxy)benzoic acid---aspirin





Wood alcohol


Uses


Methanol is used on a limited basis to fuel internal combustion engines, mainly by virtue of the fact that it is not nearly as flammable as gasoline. Methanol blends are the fuel of choice in open wheel racing circuits like Champcars, as well as in radio controlled model airplanes (required in the "glow-plug" engines that primarily power them), cars and trucks. Dirt circle track racecars such as Sprint cars, Late Models, and Modifieds use methanol to fuel their engines. Drag racers and mud racers also use methanol as their primary fuel source. Methanol is required with a supercharged engine in a Top Alcohol Dragster and, until the end of the 2005 season, all vehicles in the Indianapolis 500 have to run methanol. Mud racers have mixed methanol with gasoline and nitrous oxide to produce more power than gasoline and nitrous oxide alone.


One of the drawbacks of methanol as a fuel is its corrosivity to some metals, including aluminium. Methanol, although only a weak acid, attacks the oxide coating that normally protects the aluminium from corrosion:


6CH3OH + 2Al 鈫?2Al3+ + 6CH3O鈭?+ 3H2


The resulting methoxide salts are soluble in methanol, so the corrosion continues until the metal is eaten away.


When produced from wood or other organic materials, the resulting organic methanol (bioalcohol) has been suggested as renewable alternative to petroleum-based hydrocarbons. However, one cannot use BA100 (100% bioalcohol) in modern petroleum cars without modification. Methanol is also used as a solvent and as an antifreeze in pipelines. The largest use of methanol by far, however, is in making other chemicals. About 40% of methanol is converted to formaldehyde, and from there into products as diverse as plastics, plywood, paints, explosives, and permanent press textiles.


In some wastewater treatment plants, a small amount of methanol is added to wastewater to provide a food source of carbon for the denitrification bacteria, which convert nitrates to nitrogen.


In the 1990s, large amounts of methanol were used in the United States to produce the gasoline additive methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE). The 1990 Clean Air Act required certain major cities to use MTBE in their gasoline to reduce photochemical smog. However, by the late 1990s, it was found that MTBE had leaked out of gasoline storage tanks and into the groundwater in sufficient amounts to affect the taste of municipal drinking water in many areas. Moreover, MTBE was found to be a carcinogen in animal studies. In the resulting backlash, several states banned the use of MTBE, and its future production remains uncertain.





Direct-methanol fuel cells are unique in their low temperature, atmospheric pressure operation, allowing them to be miniaturized to an unprecedented degree. This, combined with the relatively easy and safe storage and handling of methanol may open the possibility of fuel cell-powered consumer electronics.





Other chemical derivatives of methanol include dimethyl ether, which has replaced chlorofluorocarbons as an aerosol spray propellant, and acetic acid.





Magnesium hydroxide, Mg(OH)2, otherwise known as milk of magnesia, is commonly used as an antacid or a laxative. The mineral form of magnesium hydroxide is known as brucite. Magnesium hydroxide interferes with the absorption of folic acid and iron. The diarrhea caused by magnesium hydroxide carries away much of the body's supply of potassium, and failure to take extra potassium will lead to muscle cramps.


It has very low solubility in water, and has a Ksp value of 1.5e-11.





carbonic acid








The equilibrium between carbon dioxide and carbonic acid is very important for controlling the acidity of body fluids, and almost all living organisms have an enzyme, carbonic anhydrase, which catalyzes the conversion between the two compounds, increasing the reaction rate by a factor of nearly a billion.

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